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1.
Hig. aliment ; 34(291): 32-39, Julho/Dezembro 2020. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482554

ABSTRACT

O presente estudo teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de saladas de frutas comercializadas em Pouso Alegre - MG, verificando se estas atendem aos padrões microbiológicos para enumeração de coliformes totais e coliformes termotolerantes estabelecidos pela RDC Nº 12 de 2001. As amostras pertenciam a vinte estabelecimentos comerciais diferentes e foram adquiridas no período de agosto a setembro de 2019 no comércio local. As amostras foram diluídas 1/10, 1/100 e 1/1000. Uma alíquota de 1 mL de cada diluição foi inoculada pela técnica pour plate utilizando o meio Agar Vermelho Violeta Bile. As placas foram incubadas em temperatura de 35ºC por 24-48 horas e após esse período as colônias, quando presentes, foram contadas e identificadas. Das 20 amostras analisadas em nenhuma houve crescimento de coliforme termotolerantes sendo este resultado satisfatório, porém, em 75% das amostras houve presença de coliformes totais. Apesar de em todas as amostras encontrarem-se dentro dos padrões microbiológicos vigentes para coliformes termotolerantes, os elevados valores encontrados de coliformes totais evidenciam que o produto pode fornecer risco ao consumidor.


The present study aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of fruit salads sold in Pouso Alegre - MG, verifying if they meet the microbiological standards for enumeration of total coliforms and thermotolerant coliforms established by RDC No. 12 of 2001.The samples belonged to twenty different commercial establishments and were acquired from August to September 2019 in local trade. The samples were diluted 1/10, 1/100 and 1/1000. A 1 mL aliquot of each dilution was inoculated using the pour plate technique using Agar Red Violet Bile. The plates were incubated at a temperature of 35ºC for 24- 48 hours and after this period the colonies when present, were counted and identified. Of the 20 samples analyzed in none, there was growth of thermotolerant coliform, this result being satisfactory, however, in 75% of the samples there was the presence of total coliforms. Although in all samples they are within the current microbiological standards for thermotolerant coliforms, the high values found for total coliforms show that the product can provide risk to the consumer.


Subject(s)
Colimetry , Fruit/microbiology , Food Handling , Microbiological Techniques
2.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 1526-1530, abr.-maio 2019. graf, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482196

ABSTRACT

Agroindústrias regionais produzem polpas de frutas artesanalmente, sendo o uso de luz ultravioleta (UV) uma alternativa de controle microbiológico. A pesquisa com UV requer a caracterização da polpa, que pode ser simplificada através dos componentes principais. Este trabalho objetivou caracterizar, por meio de análises físico-químicas, polpas de frutas e definir propriedades que correspondem à maior parte da variabilidade amostral. Utilizou-se polpas de cajá manga, coquinho azedo, maracujá do mato, tamarindo e umbu em que dez parâmetros foram avaliados. Submetidos a análise de componentes principais, absorbância em 254 nm e condutividade elétrica representaram 80,21% da variabilidade com separação total das amostras em função da fruta. Essas variáveis foram utilizadas na pesquisa com UV para diferenciação e classificação das amostras.


Subject(s)
Principal Component Analysis , Chemical Phenomena , Fruit/physiology , Fruit/microbiology , Fruit/chemistry , Ultraviolet Rays
3.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2235-2239, abr.-maio 2019. tab, ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482306

ABSTRACT

Falhas nas etapas do processamento do açaí afetam a qualidade da polpa. Desta forma, objetivou-se analisar a qualidade microscópica e microbiológica de polpas de açaí congeladas, comercializadas em supermercados de Teresina-PI. As amostras de açaí foram adquiridas em cincos supermercados e em seguidas foram submetidas às análises de sujidades e microbiológicas (Coliformes e Salmonella spp.). Os resultados microbiológicos indicaram que houve ausência de coliformes termotolerantes e Salmonella ssp. nas polpas de açaí analisadas. Todas as polpas analisadas apresentaram matérias estranhas tais como, fragmentos de insetos, pelo animal, filamentos de fungos, fibra sintética, fragmentos de caroço e casca e adulteração por adição de amido. Portanto, as polpas de açaí congeladas necessitam de atenção pelos órgãos fiscalizadores.


Subject(s)
Frozen Foods/microbiology , Food Contamination/analysis , Food Contamination/legislation & jurisprudence , Euterpe/microbiology , Fruit/microbiology
4.
Hig. aliment ; 33(288/289): 2739-2743, abr.-maio 2019. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1482328

ABSTRACT

Tendo em vista o estudo para o melhor aproveitamento do resíduo de aveia industrial, o trabalho teve como objetivo desenvolver e caracterizar um filme à base de amido de resíduo industrial de aveia, com composto antifúngico natural, visando analisar a aplicabilidade em frutos pós-colheita na forma de revestimento comestível. O extrato bruto (EB) contendo composto antifúngico foi produzido a partir do cultivo de Hansenula wingei em Caldo Meio Para Levedura sem agitação (25ºC/96 horas). O filme foi desenvolvido pelo método casting, empregando o EB como substituinte integral da água, o amido e o glicerol e as seguintes propriedades foram determinadas: espessura, solubilidade, permeabilidade ao vapor d’água e perfuração. As propriedades do filme foram satisfatórias para aplicação como revestimento em frutos in natura.


Subject(s)
Antifungal Agents/analysis , Avena , Food Packaging/methods , Fruit/microbiology , Garbage
5.
Rev. argent. microbiol ; 50(4): 408-416, Dec. 2018. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-977264

ABSTRACT

La presencia de bacterias patógenas, como Escherichia coli, afecta la calidad e inocuidad de las hortalizas que se consumen en fresco y se relaciona con graves problemas de salud. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar si 3 cepas diferentes de E. coli tienen la capacidad de penetrar y permanecer en plantas y frutos de tomate. Se siguió un diseño experimental completamente al azar, para lo cual se estableció un cultivo de tomate (variedad «Cid¼) en condiciones de invernadero y se evaluaron 3 tratamientos, T1 (E. coli O157: H7), T2 (E. coli de cultivo de tomate -#91;EcT-#93; O157: H16), T3 (E. coli de cultivo de espinaca -#91;EcH-#93; EcH O105ab) y un testigo T4, con 100 plantas cada uno y 4 formas de inoculación: en el sustrato, en el tallo, en el pecíolo y en el pedúnculo. Se realizaron muestreos en etapa vegetativa, floración, fructificación y madurez fisiológica para cuantificar en placa las UFC/g y saber si las bacterias lograban moverse y recuperarse en la raíz, el tallo, la flor y el fruto. Los grupos filogenéticos a los que correspondieron las bacterias recuperadas fueron confirmados mediante pruebas bioquímicas, serotipificación y PCR. A los 120 días la recuperación de bacterias en la planta fue del 23% (E. coli O157: H7), 28% (EcT O157: H16) y 55% (EcH O105ab) con la inoculación al sustrato, mientras que con la inoculación por punción la recuperación fue (en igual orden) del 5%, 3% y 4% a los 30 días; del 37%, 35% y 30% a los 90 días; y del 42%, 39% y 13% a los 65 días. Las cepas utilizadas mostraron la capacidad de entrar en la planta de tomate y de permanecer en ella y transportarse hasta llegar al fruto, sin producir síntomas que indiquen su presencia.


The presence of pathogenic bacteria, such as Escherichia coli affects the quality and safety of vegetables that are consumed fresh and is associated with serious health problems. The objective of this study was to determine if three different strains of E. coli can penetrate and remain in plants and tomato fruits. A completely randomized experimental design was followed for which a tomato crop ("Cid" variety) was established under greenhouse conditions and three treatments were evaluated, T1 (E. coli O157: H7), T2 (E. coli from tomato cultivation -#91;EcT-#93; O157: H16), T3 (E. coli from spinach cultivation -#91;EcH-#93; O105ab) and a T4 control, with 100 plants each and four forms of inoculation: in the substrate, steam, petiole and the peduncle. Samples were carried out in vegetative stage, flowering, fruiting and physiological maturity to quantify in petri dish CFU/g and know if the bacteria managed to move around and recover in root, stem, flower and fruit. The phylogenetic groups that corresponded to the bacteria recovered were confirmed by biochemical tests, serotyping and PCR. At 120 days the recovery of bacteria in the plant was 23% (E. coli O157: H7), 28% (EcT O157: H16) and 55% (EcH O105ab) whit inoculation to the substrate while the inoculation by puncture the recovery was (in the same order) of 5%, 3%, and 4% at 30 days; 37%, 35% and 30% at 90 days; and 42%, 39% and 13% at 65 days. The strains submit the ability to enter the tomato plant and to stay in it and transported to the fruit, without producing that indicate their presence.


Subject(s)
Solanum lycopersicum/microbiology , Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli/physiology , Fruit/microbiology , Random Allocation , Escherichia coli O157/physiology
6.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 49(1): 112-119, Jan.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889190

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT An ascomycetes fungus was isolated from brine storage of green olives of the Arauco cultivar imported from Argentina and identified as Monascus ruber. The combined effects of different concentrations of sodium chloride (3.5-5.5%), sodium benzoate (0-0.1%), potassium sorbate (0-0.05%) and temperature (30-40 °C) were investigated on the growth of M. ruber in the brine of stored table olives using a response surface methodology. A full 24 factorial design with three central points was first used in order to screen for the important factors (significant and marginally significant factors) and then a Face-Centered Central Composite Design was applied. Both preservatives prevented fungal spoilage, but potassium sorbate was the most efficient to control the fungi growth. The combined use of these preservatives did not show a synergistic effect. The results showed that the use of these salts may not be sufficient to prevent fungal spoilage and the greatest fungal growth was recorded at 30 °C.


Subject(s)
Food Preservation/methods , Monascus/growth & development , Olea/microbiology , Food Preservation/instrumentation , Food Preservatives/pharmacology , Food Storage , Fruit/chemistry , Fruit/microbiology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Monascus/drug effects , Olea/chemistry , Sodium Benzoate/analysis , Sodium Benzoate/pharmacology , Sodium Chloride/analysis , Sodium Chloride/pharmacology
7.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 49(1): 104-111, Jan.-Mar. 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889207

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Despite the increasing reports on the incidence of fresh vegetables and fruits as a possible vehicle for human pathogens, there is currently limited knowledge on the growth potential of Escherichia coli O157:H7 on different plant substrates. This study analyzed the selective adhesion and growth of E. coli O157:H7 on chili habanero (Capsicum chinense L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus), radish (Raphanus sativus), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum), beet (Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris), and onion (Allium cepa L.) under laboratory conditions. The Gompertz parameters were used to determine the growth kinetics. Scanning electron microscopy was used to visualize the adhesion of E. coli O157:H7 on the epicarp of the samples. Predictive models were constructed to compare the growth of E. coli O157:H7 on the samples with different intrinsic factors and to demonstrate the low selectivity of the pathogen. No significant difference was observed in the lag-phase duration (LPD), generation time (GT), and exponential growth rate (EGR) of the pathogen adhered to the samples. The interaction between the microorganism and the substrate was less supportive to the growth of E. coli O157:H7 for onion, whereas for tomato and cucumber, the time for the microorganism to attain the maximum growth rate (M) was significantly longer than that recorded for other samples.


Subject(s)
Vegetables/microbiology , Escherichia coli O157/growth & development , Fruit/microbiology , Capsicum/microbiology , Kinetics , Food Contamination/analysis , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiology , Cucumis sativus/microbiology , Escherichia coli O157/isolation & purification , Escherichia coli O157/genetics , Escherichia coli O157/chemistry , Onions/microbiology , Beta vulgaris/microbiology
8.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 49(supl.1): 25-33, 2018. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-974330

ABSTRACT

Abstract The biodiversity and evolution of the microbial community in açai fruits (AF) between three geographical origins and two spontaneous decay conditions were examined by applying culture-independent methods. Culture-independent methods based on 16S rRNA from fifteen samples revealed that Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, Actinobacteria, Bacteroidetes and Acidobacteria were the most abundant phyla. At the genus level, Massilia (taxon with more than 50% of the sequences remaining constant during the 30 h of decay), Pantoea, Naxibacter, Enterobacter, Raoultella and Klebsiella were identified, forming the carposphere bacterial microbiota of AF. AF is fibre-rich and Massilia bacteria could find a large quantity of substrate for its growth through cellulase production. Beta diversity showed that the quality parameters of AF (pH, soluble solids, titratable acidity and lipids) and elemental analysis (C, N, H and C/N ratio) were unable to drive microbial patterns in AF. This research offers new insight into the indigenous bacterial community composition on AF as a function of spontaneous postharvest decay.


Subject(s)
Bacteria/isolation & purification , Euterpe/chemistry , Fruit/microbiology , Phylogeny , Bacteria/classification , Bacteria/genetics , Bacteria/metabolism , Biodiversity , High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing , Microbiota , Euterpe/microbiology , Fruit/chemistry
9.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 48(4): 706-714, Oct.-Dec. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889164

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Tomato is one of the most important vegetables in the world. Decay after harvest is a major issue in the development of tomato industry. Currently, the most effective method for controlling decay after harvest is storage of tomato at low temperature combined with usage of chemical bactericide; however, long-term usage of chemical bactericide not only causes pathogen resistance but also is harmful for human health and environment. Biocontrol method for the management of disease after tomato harvest has great practical significance. In this study, antagonistic bacterium B-6-1 strain was isolated from the surface of tomato and identified as Enterobacter cowanii based on morphological characteristics and physiological and biochemical features combined with sequence analysis of 16SrDNA and ropB gene and construction of dendrogram. Effects of different concentrations of antagonistic bacterium E. cowanii suspension on antifungal activity after tomato harvest were analyzed by mycelium growth rate method. Results revealed that antifungal activity was also enhanced with increasing concentrations of antagonistic bacterium; inhibitory rates of 1 × 105 colony-forming units (cfu)/mL antagonistic bacterial solution on Fusarium verticillioides, Alternaria tenuissima, and Botrytis cinerea were 46.31%, 67.48%, and 75.67%, respectively. By using in vivo inoculation method, it was further confirmed that antagonistic bacterium could effectively inhibit the occurrence of B. cinerae after tomato harvest, biocontrol effect of 1 × 109 cfu/mL zymotic fluid reached up to 95.24%, and antagonistic bacterium E. cowanii has biocontrol potential against B. cinerea after harvest of fruits and vegetables.


Subject(s)
Plant Diseases/microbiology , Solanum lycopersicum/microbiology , Enterobacter/isolation & purification , Enterobacter/physiology , Antibiosis , Plant Diseases/prevention & control , Botrytis/growth & development , Botrytis/physiology , Enterobacter/classification , Enterobacter/genetics , Alternaria/growth & development , Alternaria/physiology , Fruit/microbiology , Fusarium/growth & development , Fusarium/physiology
10.
Hig. aliment ; 31(272/273): 42-46, 30/10/2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-875915

ABSTRACT

Frutos menos exigentes quanto ao seu crescimento, acabam por se tornar cultivos atraentes em regiões mais secas, como é o caso da região Nordeste. Com tal característica, merecem destaque os frutos de cajá e umbu-cajá, inseridos na categoria de tropicais, sendo estes de grande interesse dos consumidores e, consequentemente, das indústrias. O presente estudo teve por objetivo, avaliar as qualidades físico-químicas e microbiológicas das polpas de umbu-cajá e cajá comercializadas no município de Mossoró, RN. As amostras foram obtidas, de modo aleatório, em supermercados da cidade e transportadas ao Laboratório para realização das análises. Tomando como base a legislação vigente, constata-se que os valores obtidos às análises físico- -químicas e microbiológicas das polpas de cajá, apresentaram-se adequados. No entanto, as divergências para os dados do umbu-cajá mostram a necessidade de uma legislação para fixação de padrões do fruto.(AU)


Subject(s)
Food Samples , Anacardiaceae , Fruit/microbiology , Food Quality Standards , Frozen Foods
11.
Braspen J ; 32(1): 63-67, jan.-mar. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847971

ABSTRACT

Introdução: A salada de frutas é um alimento saboroso, nutritivo e comercializado pronto para consumo, porém, muitas vezes o seu preparo e manipulação podem ser feitos de forma inadequada, tornando-a, quando contaminada, um veículo para a disseminação de doenças. Objetivo: O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar as características microbiológicas das saladas de frutas comercializadas por ambulantes em Juazeiro do Norte, CE. Método: As amostras foram coletadas aleatoriamente nas ruas do município em estudo e, posteriormente, diluídas em solução salina estéril, filtradas e inoculadas em tubo contendo o meio Brain Heart Infusion e posteriormente em Ágar Sabouraud, Ágar Eosin Methilen Blue e Ágar Salmonella Shigella. Resultados: Das 10 amostras, 60% apresentaram Klebsiella spp. e Escherichia coli, seguido de E. coli, com 20%, Klebsiella spp., com 10%. Os 10% restantes não apresentaram contaminação. Quanto à análise micológica, todas as amostras apresentaram-se contaminadas por fungos. As amostras ainda foram submetidas à técnica de Hoffman Modificado para análise parasitológica, tendo como parasita mais prevalente Endolimax nana, estando presente de forma isolada, em 40% das amostras, e associada com Entamoeba coli em 20%, Entamoeba histolytica em 10%, Giardia spp. em 10%, enquanto 20% não apresentou contaminação parasitária. Conclusão: Os dados demonstraram que a maioria das saladas de frutas analisadas estava contaminadas por microrganismos patogênicos, havendo assim uma necessidade ainda maior de programas de capacitação higiênica e que os órgãos responsáveis disponibilizem produtos para a higienização dos manipuladores e do local onde acontece a manipulação desses alimentos no momento do seu preparo.(AU)


Introduction: A fruit salad is a delicious food, nutritious and sold ready to eat, but often their preparation and handling can be performed improperly, making it, when contaminated, a vehicle for the spread of diseases. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the microbiological characteristics of fruit salads sold by street vendors in Juazeiro do Norte, CE. Methods: The samples were collected randomly in the city's streets in study and further diluted in sterile saline, filtered, and inoculated into tube containing the medium Brain Heart Infusion Agar Sabouraud and later, Agar Eosin Methilen Blue Agar Salmonella and Shigella. Results: Of the 10 samples, 60% were Klebsiella spp. and Escherichia coli, E. coli followed with 20%, Klebsiella spp. with 10% and the remaining 10% showed no contamination. The mycological analysis, all samples had infected by fungi. The samples were further subjected to Hoffman technique modified for parasitological analysis, with the more prevalent parasitic Endolimax nana, being present separately, in 40% of samples, and is associated with Entamoeba coli 20%, Entamoeba histolytica in 10% Giardia spp. 10%, while 20% showed no parasitic contamination. Conclusion: The data show that most of the analyzed fruit salads were contaminated by pathogenic microorganisms, so there is an even greater need for hygienic training programs and the bodies make available products for the hygiene of food handlers and where happens the handling of these foods in time of its preparation.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Food Contamination , Food Handling , Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control , Fruit/microbiology , Specimen Handling/instrumentation , Endolimax/parasitology , Entamoeba/parasitology , Giardia/parasitology
12.
Braspen J ; 32(1): 3-7, jan.-mar. 2017.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-847800

ABSTRACT

Introdução: Os frutos e hortaliças são essenciais para o corpo humano como fonte de nutrientes e energia. Apesar do seu comércio ser bastante popular em mercados livres, onde seus preços são mais acessíveis, as condições higiênicas não são adequadas, colocando em risco o consumidor. A cada ano, os surtos de doenças transmitidas por alimentos aumentam, tornando-se um grande problema de saúde pública. As bactérias destacam-se entre o grupo de microrganismos mais patogênicos aos alimentos, podendo infectá-los desde a fabricação até a venda, se as medidas higiênicas não forem tomadas de maneira correta e se o ambiente for propício à multiplicação. Objetivo: Analisar frutas e hortaliças provenientes de mercados públicos e privados de Juazeiro do Norte, CE, avaliando a presença de microrganismos em meio Ágar Sangue, EMB, Sabouraud e Ágar BHI. Método: Estudo de caráter analítico descritivo, sendo avaliadas a presença ou ausência de microrganismos nas superfícies dos frutos e hortaliças. Estas amostras foram randomizadas e obtidas diretamente das superfícies dos alimentos comercializados nos mercados públicos e privados. As coletas foram realizadas em 20 frutos e 30 hortaliças, totalizando 50 amostras. Resultados: Tanto nos mercados públicos como privados, houve crescimento bacteriano e fúngico, destacando-se a Eschechiria coli. Também foi identificada a contaminação por Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus e Bacillus sp. Além disso, foi constatada a presença de bactérias e crescimento de fungos em todas as amostras. Conclusão: Em função da presença desses microrganismos, é possível alertar sobre cuidados que devem ser tomados na hora da compra do alimento, para que possa evitar surtos de doenças e, assim, garantir a saúde da população.


Introduction: Fruits and vegetables are essential for the human body as a source of nutrients and energy. Although its trade is very popular in free markets, where its prices are more affordable, the hygienic conditions are not adequate, thus putting at risk the consumer. Each year, outbreaks of foodborne illnesses increase, becoming a major public health problem. Bacteria stand out among the group of microorganisms most pathogenic to food, and can infect them from manufacturing to sale if the hygienic measures are not done correctly and if the environment is conducive to multiplication. Objective: To analyze fruits and vegetables from public and private markets, from Juazeiro do Norte, CE, evaluating the presence of microorganisms in Blood Agar, EMB, Sabouraud and BHI Agar. Methods: The study is analytical descriptive, being evaluated the presence or absence of microorganisms on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables. These samples were randomized and obtained directly from the surfaces of fruits and vegetables from public and private markets. Twenty fruits and 30 vegetables were assessed, totaling 50 samples. Results: In both public and private markets, there was bacterial and fungal growth, especially Eschechiria coli. Contamination by Klebsiella, Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus sp. In addition, bacteria and fungi growth were observed in all samples. Conclusion: The presence of these microorganisms makes it possible to alert about the care that should be taken when buying food, so that it can prevent disease outbreaks and thus guarantee the health of the population.


Subject(s)
Humans , Vegetables/microbiology , Food Hygiene/standards , Foodborne Diseases/prevention & control , Fruit/microbiology , Specimen Handling/instrumentation , Epidemiology, Descriptive
13.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 47(4): 1014-1019, Oct.-Dec. 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-828192

ABSTRACT

Abstract Apple is one of the most important temperate fruit to Brazil economy, and the use of synthetic chemicals has been the main method for reducing postharvest diseases, such as the blue mold, caused by Penicillium expansum. This work intends to evaluate the practical utilization of chitosan for blue mold control. For this purpose, fruits were treated in a preventive and curative way, immersing the fruits in chitosan solution (5 or 10 mg mL-1), or adding a single drop of this solution (10 mg mL-1) directly into the injuries. The eradicative effect of the polysaccharide was also evaluated in vitro and in vivo. Chitosan did not show a curative effect against the blue mold, and its eradicative effect was only evidenced on the higher concentration (10 mg mL-1). On the other hand, preventively, without the addition of adjuvants, chitosan reduced blue mold incidence in fruits by 24% and 93%, through the immersion or the single drop methods, respectively. Thus, it was found that, for long scale utilization, some improvements in the physico-chemical properties of the chitosan are needed, since it was only capable to prevent the infection by P. expansum when directly added on the fruit injury.


Subject(s)
Penicillium/drug effects , Plant Diseases/microbiology , Plant Diseases/therapy , Malus/microbiology , Chitosan/pharmacology , Antifungal Agents/pharmacology , Plant Diseases/prevention & control , Time Factors , Chitosan/chemistry , Fruit/microbiology , Antifungal Agents/chemistry
14.
Braz. j. microbiol ; 47(2): 431-437, Apr.-June 2016. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-780821

ABSTRACT

Abstract The aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasound as a conservation method for the inactivation of Escherichia coli inoculated into cactus pear juices (green and purple). Total soluble solids, pH, titratable acidity, and the kinetics of E. coli in cactus pear juices treated by ultrasound (60%, 70%, 80% and 90% amplitude levels for 1, 3 and 5 min) were evaluated over 5 days. Total inactivation was observed in both fruit juices after 5 min of ultrasound treatment at most amplitude levels (with the exception of 60% and 80%). After one and two days of storage, the recovery of bacteria counts was observed in all cactus pear juices. Ultrasound treatment at 90% amplitude for 5 min resulted in non-detectable levels of E. coli in cactus pear juice for 2 days. The parameters of pH, titratable acidity and soluble solids were unaffected.


Subject(s)
Ultrasonics/methods , Cactaceae/microbiology , Escherichia coli/growth & development , Fruit and Vegetable Juices/microbiology , Food Preservation/methods , Ultrasonics , Cactaceae/chemistry , Microbial Viability , Food Storage , Food Preservation/instrumentation , Fruit/microbiology , Fruit/chemistry
15.
Hig. aliment ; 30(256/257): 128-131, maio/junho 2016. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1700

ABSTRACT

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a qualidade microbiológica de polpas de frutas congeladas comercializadas na cidade de Cuiabá - MT, comparando aos padrões da legislação vigente. Foi avaliada a qualidade microbiológica de 25 amostras de polpas de frutas coletadas na cidade de Cuiabá-MT, de cinco diferentes polpas (abacaxi, acerola, caju, goiaba e maracujá) e de cinco marcas comerciais (denominadas A, B, C, D e E), para determinação da população global de bolores e leveduras, em unidades formadoras de colônias (UFC/mL), determinação do Número Mais Provável (NMP. mL-1) de coliformes totais e termotolerantes (a 45ºC) e determinação da presença/ausência de Salmonella sp. Os resultados para detecção de Salmonella sp. coliformes totais e termotolerantes nas polpas congeladas mostraram que estas se encontravam de acordo com a legislação vigente. Para a contagem de bolores e leveduras, porém, três amostras (12%) apresentaram índices elevados, acima do limite máximo estabelecido pela legislação vigente. Tais resultados sugerem possível inadequação do controle higiênico de algumas das indústrias evidenciando que as condições higiênicas durante o processamento, manipulação e armazenamento podem estar em desacordo com as Boas Práticas de Fabricação (BPF).


This work aimed to evaluate the microbiological quality of frozen pulps (pineapple, acerola, cashew, guava, passion fruit) from five commercial brands commercialized in Cuiabá city, state of Mato Grosso, Brazil. Analysis microbiological were performed (Salmonella sp., molds and yeasts, total coliform, and thermotolerant counts) in 25 samples, in accordance with the accordance to the Brazilian legislation requirements. The counts of Salmonella sp., total and thermotolerant coliforms in the samples were in accordance to the Brazilian legislation requirements, except for frozen pulp of pineapple of one commercial brand for Escherichia coli because was present, but with value lower than of the legislation limit. Results for molds and yeasts were bigger than legislation limit, with presence in 12% of total samples. Concluded with this work that it is possible that some frozen pulps in some commercial brands sold in Cuiabá were not being manipulated neither with necessary hygienic conditions during processing, handling and storage.


Subject(s)
Food Contamination/analysis , Food Microbiology , Frozen Foods , Fruit/microbiology , Yeasts/isolation & purification , Brazil , Food Samples , Fungi/isolation & purification
16.
Hig. aliment ; 30(254/255): 123-127, 30/04/2016.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-836657

ABSTRACT

qualidade de polpas de frutas simples comercializadas na cidade de Juazeiro do Norte, Ceará, através da identificação de Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella spp e Escherichia coli. As amostras coletadas foram processadas e semeadas em Ágar Manitol, Ágar EMB e Ágar SS. Submeteu-se as colônias sugestivas às provas bioquímicas para confirmação da espécie. Analisou-se um total de 40 amostras de polpas de frutas, sendo essas de acerola, abacaxi, cajá, goiaba, graviola, mamão, manga e maracujá. Nesta pesquisa, foi identificada Salmonella spp em duas amostras, o que contraria as normas vigentes onde este micro- -organismo não deve estar presente. Staphylococcus aureus estava presente em 31 amostras, não observando a presença de Escherichia coli. Dessa forma, conclui-se que as polpas de frutas apresentaram uma alta porcentagem de contaminação microbiológica remetendo a falhas durante seu processamento como condições higienicossanitárias deficientes dos instrumentos e falta de instrução dos manipuladores.


Subject(s)
Humans , Food Contamination/analysis , Juices , Food Microbiology , Fruit/microbiology , Staphylococcus aureus/isolation & purification , Brazil , Food Samples , Escherichia coli/isolation & purification , Foodborne Diseases
18.
Hig. Aliment. (Online) ; 29(244/245): 103-108, maio-jun. 2015.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1481787

ABSTRACT

As mudanças nos hábitos alimentares dos consumidores, a busca por alimentos mais saudáveis, resultaram em aumento na demanda de frutas e hortaliças frescas e minimamente processadas. Na cadeia de processamento destes alimentos, há riscos de contaminação por micro-organismos deterioradores e patogênicos em diversos pontos. Assim, o controle microbiológico torna-se essencial considerando que há relatos na literatura de surtos envolvendo consumo de frutas e hortaliças com patógenos. Isto evidencia que o controle microbiológico ainda é um desafio para a indústria de alimentos. A principal peculiaridade associada à adaptação de patógenos em produtos vegetais é o desenvolvimento de biofilmes. Patógenos incorporados nesses biofilmes podem ser protegidos da etapa de lavagem e servir como possível troca de elementos genéticos de resistência. Regiões cortadas e, ou danificadas de superfícies são sítios potenciais para a formação de biofilmes, o que contribui para a redução da efetividade dos sanitizantes, já que bactérias aglomeradas em biofilmes são menos influenciadas pelas soluções do que as células livres. A capacidade de adesão de micro-organismos patogênicos, como Salmonella sp.,Listeria e Escherichia coli, a superfície de frutas e hortaliças, mostra a necessidade de estudos e de desenvolvimento de novas estratégias que colaborem para a segurança microbiológica do produto que chega ao consumidor.


Changes in eating habits of consumers, the search for healthier foods have resulted in increased demand for fresh fruits and vegetables and minimally processed. In the chain of processing these foods, there are risks of contamination by spoilage micro-organisms and pathogens at various points. Thus, microbial control is essential considering that there are published reports of outbreaks involving consumption of fruits and vegetables with pathogens. This demonstrates that microbial control is still a challenge for the food industry. The main peculiarity associated with the adaptation of pathogens in plant products is the development of biofilms. Pathogens embodied in biofilms can be protected from the washing step and can serve as an exchange of genetic elements of resistance. Regions and cut or damaged surfaces are potential sites for the formation of biofilm, which contributes to reducing the effectiveness of sanitizers, as agglomerated bacteria in biofilms are less influenced by the solution of free cells. The adhesion of pathogenic micro-organisms such as Salmonella spp., Listeria spp. and Escherichia coli, the surface of fruits and vegetables, shows the need to study and develop new strategies to collaborate for the microbiological safety of the product reaches the consumer.


Subject(s)
Bacterial Adhesion , Biofilms , Fruit/microbiology , Food Safety/methods , Vegetables/microbiology , Escherichia coli , Listeria , Salmonella
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